The Museum was founded in May, 1925 as Adyghe Museum of History and Ethnology. At the time, the museum office was in Krasnodar in Krasnaya street. The Society of Study of Adyghe culture initiated the establishment of the museum. The Adyghe Museum was run by its first director Ibrahim Nauruzov since 1925 through 1935. He had managed to collect the richest ethnographic and historical material. In 1938 the museum moved to the town of Maikop, which had been the capital of the Adgyghe autonomous oblast since 1936. Since the museum of history had been united with the Maikop regional museum of nature (founded in 1909) it was titled the Adyghe Museum of regional studies. During Nazis occupation of the region (August 1942-January 1943) a large part of museum's funds was lost, valuable specimen collected by its' first director were pillaged by invaders. In the next several years the museum's workers had managed to complete the funds with the materials collected. New director Mean Kutas Azamatova headed the museum shortly after the war ended. She succeeded in collecting authentic Adyghe specimen in the museums of Moscow, Tbilisi and Krasnodar. In May, 1950 the museum moved to a renovated office. On March, 23, 1993 the museum was renamed as the National museum of the Republic of Adygeiya. The Museum has the richest collections of archeology materials numbering more than 200 thousand of unique Paleolithic specimen.